Automatic mixture regulating device for internal-combustion engines



Aug. '20, 1946.. R. DE vr--lLlPPls 2,406,282

AUTOMATIC MIXTURE REGULATING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Aug. 1, 1942 ff T11-lr T 'ff f) f/a l L l u 1L n 1 .7 INVENRR b( J v j A'TTORNEY I Patented Aug. 20, 1946 GINES Reymond s ieFiliPl'iisA Nen-Yorke?? Y# pplicativoniAugust 1, 1942, Srial,No 4.5;?2915fVv omefoie mixture regulating deviees .fojr'ii1` e el combustion eueines,

.Qne ofthe obieets-.oi my invention, is ie PFO- vide .siiimlel and ei-fieieni meensfer euiomeiiria-1.1i'I eoutreliure en@ progressively very'iue the' mixture being fed t9 the Cylinders. 0f ,en iiiternel combustion engine .iii eeeordeuee with andin the ratio of the speed of theV engine.

Another obieet ofi. myiiiveniion is, in e de-V vice of the ohereeier fieso-riloedy to utilize es riiie operating and controlling element a slide valve movable-in en air-admission eoruiuii und pref* erably Iaetnated by Va rotatable propeller or'fan, andto utilize as`v .the actuatingmediuinthe airsireamat the ,veryiue velocities .thereof "iu .relation y to the arat'varying speeds of said ear to actuate said propeller orfam Anotherobieet-of my iuveueiQri is, in u @Brice o fthe character sizeoied; fo PrOYden-'CQII- neetionwitha valve .und air-emissie? @Hiwit ofthe-charoeier deseribed, eneriures for Progressively increasing; the supply of air inv ae-v cordancewitn the in ereesiiigiueyemerii. of .the

propeller'lolade and 0f the Ye eiiioii ieri. en

$ti1lanother object ofmy air -.i.eeu1eitirig and. .Controlling .valve of lthe type thump-:of zine/path of moyement oiseiii veils-ive- Siiu ,another object ofiriveniierivis te as: the progressive r'verite-Irroviue arid aperture. opening means and gravity, plus :normal suetieriy through; the ,conduit as fthefteive-olosirie .means-- Another object .of .my-invention is .to Pesiii'on; my slide :valve .and iis-Y air-,esimittiiis eeu-V duit, on the intake .manifold inf the air sireempoftnefeonventional radiator Aferr. endthus 90pm-A curevautomaiic increase .0r degrees@ .of the lair supplyfinV accordance with thespeed of tlieoenadiustment vofthe miziturefin .the eerleureier- Anotheriobieot orimy invention isto prow/ide,-

rderiee .wiiii- ...the

Still. another Aoloieot of lmy iiiVeiifiQii is, sinieslielei valvefof the ehereeierf deseribed, (to nro-.1 viele ,air-mieke apertures Ain the ,eir'eemissiericonduit and to progssively increase the sizer orvareazof suohfaneriuresfrim the bo'fuimi i0 faim i looking/inthelfdectionof 'the arrows.y

4 o iaiins. (o1. k12,3'V-iiafi) @his invention, reiste?. to improvements in in a, deyiceiof the ohai'acter described, means tn t wiu remain "inoperative and ineffective at needs; for exampldatspeeds ofless 'than I miles'per ho'ir'; 'andwillfat' higher speeds `;ri"`gre`s'six/'elyA increasing quantities of Vair tnriigiitne intake inanifpm to" the combustible mixture; p sing" Vthrough "saidV manifold; and A "'aV'gas Aat'si'ich' highenspeeds..

-okJ'llc'itolffmy invention is to provide eans 'that will causeV agitation intake Aor'iduitf'"aridwill thus cause. sucliia'gi'- tattici` air to'wbe more vreadlf miXable 'With'the combustible mixtiire'passing through' the maniv -n te.

kStill another object of my invention is toutilize", Vinia"'d'eviceof the cnaract'er'specifiedf a `slide Valve aiif'ifconduitV by'whicli ai plurality' of ,Y I'are.admitted'simultaneously*and LV" ui'nefof'strams are progressively sed nacoordanceiwith the m'ovement'jof die eine is l dirne 'speen orV thdvehicie.'

Wtlithesead other objects in View, the in vention rcomprisesthe combination of members and arrangement 'of parts s`o"com bined` as toi' ooalctlarlldico-oprate Withkeah other in the Iperfornlance' ofthe functions :and 'the accomplishmerit of 'the resillts herein` contemplated, fand' comprisesin one' `of its adaptations the species or preferred' form illustrated inthe accompany? iiieirayying, ,in 'whien-A f i Fig. .1isafviewin sideelevation of an yengine showing; my antor'natic miktiire-l'regulating 'cie-r vice Y tinted inpvosition on the' intake mani- Eig. V2 is anwenlarged View showinginfsection wan with my air regulatordmounted therein. v1.3 is :a section on' 'the line p3`3` of Fifg, 2

w of utom tic mi s a. d 'ture regu- 5.5b5r van' air-stream and rprferaloiy''loi7 vice 'in Asignie:leviesn' a'ni enmiged `evier stream of the radiator fan for progressively open..

i ing an air-admissionV aperture or apertures to the intake manifold and preferably moving a slide valve within an air-admission conduit of the type hereinabove specied. Y

Referring now to the drawing Ywhich illusregulating device I2, as moreparticularly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. The side-wall IIb'of the head IIa is bored and tapped at I3, and I vice I2. VMy said air-regulating device, as shown, embodies an L-conduit I5 mounted on the Vnipple I4 and a straight tubular-conduitl threaded at one' end into said L I5.` The conduit vI6 preferably has mounted therein'a slide valve I'I adapted upon movement longitudinally or axially throughv the tubular conduit",` Iito vadmit air through theL I|5 and nipple I4 to themanifold I`I. The'valve memberv I'I' is movable by the'rotatable propeller I8 which as shown is mounted,V on a rod IB 'connected with the sliding valve-member I'I. The rod IIB is guided at its o uter end in the bore 20 of cap 20 and'in the "preferred embodi-` ment`of my invention thev valve member II fits loosely within the bore 2| of the tubular member IB and' has' at one end a"bevel1ed'edge 22 adapted to seat upon the valve seat 23 andto close a main Valve opening 23. The body lof the airfc'onduit'or casingfl'is'provided with a plurality of series ofapertures 24 and 24.

"Mylslide valve casing is preferably positioned in inclined position on'thermanifold so thatfit will normally close by gravity. *The threaded connections -at I4, I5 permit some angular movement so that'the angle of the casing can be adjustes. y

"The -vali'ley member I I ,preferably ts loosely withinthe bore ofthe conduit casing I6 so as to admita l.slight Vamountpffair upon unseating from the ,ivalve 'seat 23 through thernain' valve opening 23. 1 So soon, however, as the valve memloer.'A I'I' is moved 'outwardly airis admitted through the inner members of the series of apertures v24 further outwardly additional air will 'be Vadmitted through additional apertures of 'said'series until the'entire 'plural series of apertures 24 vand :24'

will be admitting air to the air-fintake conduit" orcasing'and through that conduit or casing toV the manifold.

In. preferred form of 'my invention illustrated,`

the plural series of apertures 24, 2.4' are arranged in pairs and these pairs' arev progressively increased in sizeor 'area in accordance with theirY position in relation tothe outer end of the airintake casing or lconduit. When the speed of the vehicleis increased, it is obvious that aY stronger current of air will be projected against the propeller "|18, to move the valve member I1 outwardly in opposition to suction from the manifold which will, through the air conduit I6, retain said suc--v tion in relatively confined condition and will thus enableY a constantpull to be maintained :on the vehicle.

trates apreferred embodiment of my. in vention,` l Irindicates the engine as a whole which may bel of' any conventional type and as shown, is pro-Y vided with an intake manifold II having a headl I Ia, on the side Wall of which is mounted my air- 4 YRotation ofthe propeller I8 renders the device I2 highly sensitive to the yblast of yair from the motor fan by reducing frictional resistance to sliding motion'of the valve VI'I and rod I9. Since these parts are caused to rotate, there is a combination of torsional and longitudinal forces which tend to quickly dislodgeor, loosen any dust particles which may entrer the bearing ,or which maybe ne enough to seep ythroug`l:1"'the lter n hereinafter described. Since the partsV I1, I8 and I9 are intermittently in rapid rotation while the `automobi1e isY being driven, Vthe dust particles do not have an opportunity to settle and pack. Thus sensitivity-to the blast of the fan is maintained in Ya high degree. Important as this is; the propellerV I8 has a further advantage in that `its blades ffera' response to the air blast from the motor fan which is relatively uniformly proand 24', and as said valve member I1 is` moved" portioned to the force of that blast and hence to the speed of the motor. Such uniformity is due to the fact that the propeller blades do not offer'an obstacle of excessivearea at the region of the propeller; the angle of the blades affords a partial stream line effect;` and finally, excessiveeddy currents are avoided which cause -a blast of air to transmit an uncertain and erratic forceto the opposing surface.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated, suitable protecting Vmeans is provided to protect and prevent clogging of dirt in the air-intake apertures and 24, and'insaid preferred embodiment of my invention, I provide a protective.

23y to close the latter so that the combustible f mixturefor the motor is as determined by the carburetor. This closing action is caused' by gravity and suction overcoming the pull of the propeller I8. As the speed increases the valve I'I mayV move to the position shown in Fig. 2, in which' the valve seat 23 is open, and some air leaks throughv the clearance between the side walls of the valve and of the tube I6. Thisis desirable because the carburetor is generally adjusted for a rich mixture, that is, one in which there is a considerable'` excess of fuel. As lthe speed further increases and becomes substantial, the proportioning of fuel to air bythe carburetor changes so that the mixture becomes richerg-'because the coeflicients'of iiow vary with the velocity of the gases in the carburetor, and for other reasons. The suction, however, diminishes as is ,well known in-the art.- Hence the valve I1 is movedA by the propeller I 8 to open the'inlets 24, 24"`progressively, as the motor speed in; creased. Thus additional air is supplied tothe motor in approximate proportion to the increasing richness of the mixture as it leaves the carburetor, whereby the unburnt gases'r discharged from the motor areat a relative minimum. This l additional air is supplied to the combustible mixture ina Vturbulent condition" so as to instantly become a relatively homogeneous component of the combustible mixture.. v This 'is due-to the fact' that the air enters'the tube I6 through 'opposed openings 24,' 24l so Vthat the streams of air A.irnpingeon each other and cause eddyingwhich'in a round pipe, and in an elbow such as I5, quickly resolves itself into a pulsating and whirling ow. The whirling or spinning of the air is aided in some degree by the rapidly rotating valve II, which indicates a further advantage in the use of the propeller I8. ly warmed up and is uniformly admixed to the combustible mixture. While all this transpires there is the constant interaction between the suction and the pull of the propeller, as adjustably modified by gravity, so that it is seen that the motor and its fan cooperate with the valve structure and the rotating propeller to avoid waste of fuel and to maintain a highly sensitive interrelation of the parts without requiring any direct actuator connection to the carburetor or the fan. It is noteworthy that the force of gravity is a constant quantity, and because the valve unit is inclined, that effect is small. But it is important for moving the valve to close the ports progressively and bring the valve into immediate and strong responsive relation to the suction when the motor is slowed down.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A device constructed for connection to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine in confronting relation to the cooling Afan thereof, which device comprises a casing, a piston valve slidable and rotatable therein, the casing having means for connection thereof lto the intake manifold and having openings communicating with the intake manifold and With the atmosphere, said openings being controlled by the slidable valve and being 0f such size as to be adapted to admit a regulated supply of air into the manifold to rectify the proportions of fuel and air as the engine speed increases, and a. propeller-like element exposed to the atmosphere and adapted to be responsive to the lblast of air from the engine fan to cause rotation of the propeller and to produce a force axial thereof tending to open the valve, the latter being axially directly xedly connected to the propeller so as to be caused to spin while the valve and propeller move axially as a unit in opening and closing the valve, and said means being adapted to mount the casing at an acute angle to the horizontal to cause the valve and propeller unit to gravitationally slide to a position in which the valve closes said openings, said valve being so related to the casing and said openings as to be responsive to the manifold suction tending to close the valve, in opposition to the axial force of the propeller.

2. A device responsive to the suction at the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and to the blast of air from the cooling fan of the engine to change the proportions of the combustible mixture upon an increase in the speed of the engine, including an intake manifold for the engine, a casing, an angular member connecting an end of the casing with the manifold, so that the axis of the casing extends at an acute angle to a horizontal plane, an elongated Valve in' Thus the air becomes quickthe casing slidable `along the axis of the casing and rotatable about said axis, a propeller rotatably slidably mounted on the casing and beingv peller are slidable as a unit, said casing having f openings communicating with the manifold and with the atmosphere for admitting a quantity of air to the engine sufficient to reduce the richness ofthe combustible mixture as the engine increases in speed, said valve bein-g gravitationally urged to a position in which it closes the openings, and said propeller being opposed to the said fan to be rotated thereby and to produce an axial force causing opening movement of the valve, and said valve being so related to the casing that the engine suction tends to close the valve, whereby rotation of the valve andV propeller unit renders the same easily slidable in response to the opposing forces of said suction and of the fan blast. v

3. A device responsive to thesuctionat the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and to the blast of air from the coolingfan of the engine to change the proportions of the combustible mixture upon an increase in the speed of the engine, including an intake manifold for the engine, a casing, a member connecting an end of the casing With the manifold, an elongated Valve in the casing slidable along the axis of the casing and rotatable about said axis, a propeller rotatably slidably mounted and being axially connected to the valve so that the latter is caused to rotate and the valve and propeller are vslidable as a unit, said casing having openings communicating with the manifold and with the atmosphere for admitting a quantity ofair to the engine sufficient to reduce the richness of thecombustible mixture as the engine increases in speed, and said propeller being opposed to the said fan to be rotated thereby and to produce an axial force causing opening movement of the valve, and said valve bein-g so related to the casing that the engine suction tends to close the valve, whereby rotation of the valve and propeller unit renders the same easily slidable in response to the opposing forces of said suction and of the fan blast.

4. A device responsive to the suction in the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and to the air stream caused bythe cooling fan of the engine to control the .supply of auxiliary air to the manifold including a casing having means for connecting the same to the intake manifold, said casing having atmosphere air inlets, a rotatable piston valve in the casing controlling said inlets, and a propeller axially connected to said valve, said propeller being external of the casing and being adapted to be actuated by the air stream so that the valve and propeller are rotatable Vand axially movable as a unit by the air stream.

RAYMOND DE FILIPPIS. 

